Colony Collapse Disorder History and Causes - 1516 Words

Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD): History and causes Abstract This paper reviews the phenomenon of Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), or the disappearance of large swathes of the bee population in the US and elsewhere. It reviews the potential causes of CCD, including pathogens, pesticides, and other environmental factors that could contribute to bee deaths. Although many have linked the widespread use of pesticides to the phenomenon, there is no smoking gun that is clearly implicated in causing CCD. The phenomenon can likely be attributed to a wide variety of factors, rather than a singular cause. Introduction In 2006, beekeepers in the United States began reporting unexpectedly high losses of their colonies, as much as 30-90 percent. The phenomenon came to be known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) and its causation remains murky, as well as how to treat it. The main symptom of CCD is very low or no adult honey bees present in the hive but with a live queen and no dead honey bee bodies present. Often there is still honey in the hive, and immature bees (brood) are present. Varroa mites, a virus-transmitting parasite of honey bees, have frequently been found in hives hit by CCD (Honey Bees Colony and Collapse Disorder (CCD), 2012, USDA). However, this is only one of the speculated causes of CCD. This recent outbreak of widespread bee deaths is not the first depletion of bee colonies in recorded history, which makes the source of CCD less, rather than moreShow MoreRelatedThe Colonization Of The Colony Collapse Disorder1036 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: The Colony Collapse Disorder is a strange occurrence in which worker bees from different honeybee colonies just disappear. Honeybees, which are a crucial part of the U.S. agriculture, have been under some drastic stress from the mysterious Colony Collapse Disorder, which is a syndrome defined as a dead colony with no adult bees or dead bee bodies but with a live queen, honey and juvenile bees still present in the hive. A scientific cause for the Colony Collapse Disorder has yet to be provenRead MoreBees And Its Effect On Our Lives1122 Words   |  5 Pageswithin the past fifty years, bee colonies are dropping to staggering low numbers. This is a problem. All around the world, people need to realize that these bees are greatly under-appreciated workers and action needs to be taken to protect them. Our world is going to suffer both ecologically and economically if we continue to loose bees at such drastic rates, this is why such measures need to be taken in order for these bees to br ought to their former glory. (HISTORY) Bees have been around for millionsRead MoreThe Decline of Honeybees: Implications, Causes, and Responses3264 Words   |  14 Pagesservice that is worth billions of dollars a year. Unfortunately, the honeybee population is in a severe and prolonged decline, often in the form of colony collapse disorder, in which entire colonies are seemingly abandoned by adult bees overnight. Honeybees are an indispensable component of modern agriculture, and a failure to discern and address the many causes of honeybee population decline – both manmade and natural – could have disastrous consequences for the environment and human society. PollinationRead MoreSave Our Honey Bees : America s Bees1738 Words   |  7 Pagesagriculture. They serve as a nutrition source for flowers in order for the flowers to grow and make the crops that are needed. Honey bees had originally originated in Africa and when they came into higher northern latitudes they became to evolve into large colony sizes and build up excessive stores of honey to survive the cold winter (Kritsky). When Spring comes and bees begin to pollinate flowers, people tend to get in the way of the process so as a result bees will hurt the human. However, not all bees canRead MoreEssay about Why We Should Stop Extinction2515 Words   |  11 Pagesparasite that causes whirling disease in fishes, introduced to rainbow trout in a hatchery in Pennsylvania, has now spread to many states and devastated the rainbow trout sport fishery in Montana and Colorado (Simberloff). Other problems such as the introduced species being more efficient at hunting and cross-breeding of introduced animals with native animals also contribute to the decline of indigenous animals. The destruction of habitats is considered to be one of the main causes of extinctionRead MoreWhy Bees Are Disappearing And The Effect On The World2968 Words   |  12 PagesAbstract The purpose of this report was to determine why bees are disappearing and the effect on the world if they disappeared, like pesticides and fungicides role in their disappearance, the role Colony Collapse Disorder has on their disappearance, the knock on effect on pollination, the knock on effect on crops, can anything take up their role, can humans take up their role and is life possible without bees. It was determined that a combination of pesticides and fungicides that contaminates theRead MoreThe Little Honey Bees By Shelley Mcneal1919 Words   |  8 PagesThose who hold gardening as a certified profession have been contacted in relation to the decreasing number of bee colonies. It s good to know about what is going on and I have built up a brief summary of readings and discussions that I have discovered on the subject of bee colonies. Shelley McNeal, who carries expertise within the bee colonies department, quotes The fuzzy little honey bees are the buggies when talking about these pollinating bugs. They not only enable your flowers and thusRead MoreThe Relationship Between The Kongolese And The Portuguese Up Until The Battle Of Mbwila2248 Words   |  9 Pagesreligious and political authority. By the mid-1400s, the manikongo, or Kongo king, ruled over the area of northern Angola and the northern bank of the Congo River, which is located in modern day Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (â€Å"History,† 2012). The Kongo Kingdom was the first nation on Africa’s central western coast to interact with Europeans. The first contact between the Kongolese people and the Portuguese happened in 1483 when Diogo Cà £o, a Portuguese explorer, came to the mouthRead MoreThe Impact of Genetically Modified Foods1368 Words   |  6 Pagesfoods. Its not difficult to think back to a time when food was simpler and healthier. How did we get to the point where genetically modified organisms fall in so much of what we eat ?While genetic domination in foods can be traced throughout history, the modern wonder of GMOs showed up in just the last few years. The 1980’s marks the discovery that specific pieces of DNA that could be transferred from one organism to another. This became the basis of the genetic modification process. In 1983Read MoreEssay on The Fall of the French Monarchy2121 Words   |  9 Pages The revolution resulted, among other things, in the overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy in France and in the establishment of the First Republic. It was generated by a vast complex of causes, the most important of which were the inability of the ruling classes of nobility, clergy, and bourgeoisie to come to grips with the problems of state, the indecisive nature of the monarch, impoverishment of the workers, the intellectu al ferment of the Age of Enlightenment, and the example of the American Revolution

Analysis of Hunger of Memory by Richard Rodriguez Essay

Analysis of Hunger of Memory by Richard Rodriguez Richard Rodriguez?s essay, Hunger of Memory, narrates the course of his educational career. Rodriguez tells of the unenthusiastic and disheartening factors that he had to endure along with his education such as isolation and lack of innovation. It becomes apparent that Rodriguez believes that only a select few go through the awful experiences that he underwent. But actually the contrary is true. The majority of students do go through the ?long, unglamorous, and demeaning process? of education, but for different reasons (Rodriguez, 68). Instead of pursuing education for the sake of learning, they pursue education for the sake of job placement. Even from an early age, Rodriguez†¦show more content†¦In the beginning, Rodriguez would simply correct his parent?s grammatical errors. He also proudly tells his parents that his teacher said that he is losing any traces of a Spanish accent. Soon, his parents can no longer help him with his homework. His family starts to jokingly make fun of him for reading so much. Rodriguez recalls that sometimes his mother would approach him while studying and try to talk to him. But he responded coldly to her inquiries. ?Instead of the flood of intimate sounds that had once flowed smoothly between [them], there was this silence,? (51). He feels that spending time with his family is a waste, or it could be better spent studying. Rodriguez loses the intimate connection he has with his parents, especially his mother. This is detrimental to his emotional well being because it contributes to his seclusion. However, Rodriguez is not truly in solitude until he actively pursues it. Rodriguez begins to actively distance himself from his family and heritage. On nights when the house is filled with Spanish speaking relatives, he leaves the house as a way of breaking the connection. He begins to imitate his teachers? accents and use their diction. As time goes on, he desires more solitude. Again, this is all normal according to Hoggart. ?He has to be more and more alone, if he is going to get on?the boy has to cut himself off,? (47). This is exactly what Rodriguez does; he chooses his education and the classroom over hisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Richard Rodriguez s Hunger Of Memory 1591 Words   |  7 Pagesarguably the base of the American Dream. Any person can start with nearly nothing, but through education, he or she can become successful. In Hunger of Memory, Richard Rodriguez told the story of how education allowed him to change from a boy who was â€Å"...able to understand some fifty stray English words†(9) to a scholar working in the Briti sh Museum. Obviously, Rodriguez appreciates the doors that education opened for him over the course of his life, but his autobiography reveals a dark side to the pursuitRead MoreAnalysis Of Richard Rodriguez s Hunger Of Memory 1909 Words   |  8 Pagescompletely unlike any other type of writing, and it is this style of book that author Richard Rodriguez bravely chose to use in Hunger of Memory. Essentially, an autobiography is a book documenting someone’s life; full of their heartbeat and heartaches. Its raw authenticity is so refreshing in comparison to complex literary texts full of hidden metaphors and complicated symbolism. Through this sort of writing, Rodriguez provides an authentic, honest account of his life while detailing how race playedRead More Richard Rodriguezs Autobiography Hunger of Memory Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesRichard Rodriguezs Autobiography Hunger of Memory There exists in the majority of people a schism between their public lives and their private lives. People should desire to have their public selves match their private selves as closely as possible. A rift between the two causes nothing but pain and suffering for everyone around those people and places a heavy burden on the spirit of the ones responsible. Trust and honesty are essential to our society and the truth should be complimentaryRead MoreSummary of the Book Hunger of Memory and Response to It.1124 Words   |  5 Pagescomplimentary, not earned. Richard Rodriguez, a writer and public speaker, expertly illustrates his own experience with this type of double life in his autobiography, Hunger of Memory. In the last section of Hunger of Memory Mr. Secrets, Rodriguez paints an intimate portrait of his parents distinction between public and private life. He starts this by mentioning his mothers disapproval over the inclusion of private family issues in his autobiography. Rodriguez continues to show the readerRead MoreHunger For Memory : Education Of Richard Rodriguez894 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding among the individuals without shared values and meanings. In â€Å"Hunger for Memory: Education of Richard Rodriguez†, Rodriquez argues that language takes two forms: private and public. What Richard labels as private is the language of the home, whereas public language is the discourse of public society. Growing up, Richard’s private language was not like the public language, which set Richard apart from his parents. Therefore, Richard explores his acculturated self-identity by analyzing his educationalRead MoreAnalysis Of Richard Rodriguez s A Stranger And Strange La nds Essay2274 Words   |  10 PagesComparative Analysis Over the past month, we have been studying the concept of reading and writing in different communities. To assess this, we have read two different texts. Richard Rodriguez’s the achievement of desire†, from his autobiography â€Å"Hunger of Memory†; and Lucille McCarthy’s â€Å"A Stranger in Strange Lands: A College Student Writing across the Curriculum† from â€Å"Research in the Teaching of English†. Both answer key questions regarding what it takes to become a great reader and writer, howeverRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesIII, University of Arizona Jacqui Bergman, Appalachian State University Anne Berthelot, University of Texas at El Paso David Bess, Shidler College of Business at the University of Hawaii Bruce Bikle, California State University, Sacramento xxx Richard Blackburn, University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill Weldon Blake, Bethune-Cookman College Carl Blencke, University of Central Florida Michael Bochenek, Elmhurst College Alicia Boisnier, State University of New York William H. Bommer, Cleveland StateRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesLeadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and Culture 2.4.1 Organization cultures [G.7] 2.4.2 Organization structureRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesSimon Fraser University v Acknowledgments For the 1993 edition: The following friends and colleagues deserve thanks for their help and encouragement with this project: Clifford Anderson, Hellan Roth Dowden, Louise Dowden, Robert Foreman, Richard Gould, Kenneth King, Marjorie Lee, Elizabeth Perry, Heidi Wackerli, Perry Weddle, Tiffany Whetstone, and the following reviewers: David Adams, California State Polytechnic University; Stanley Baronett, Jr., University of Nevada-Las Vegas; Shirley

Advantages of Online Shopping Free Essays

Advantages of online shopping: Online shopping is accessible round the clock. You can buy whatever you want even at 3 a. m. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages of Online Shopping or any similar topic only for you Order Now in the morning. You can choose from a wider variety of things available for you to shop which may not be available in the local brick and mortar stores. You also have the benefit to do all from the comfort of your own home. When you buy from online store you have the comfort to take your time while checking for the things of your choice, this will lead you to a simple and quick way to perform price comparison unlike the dissatisfied and hurried shopping you do in the local stores. In addition, unlike local stores, you can avail discount coupons and get a thing at a lower rate when shopping online. Besides, when shopping online you can also avoid long lines to wait in and the unnecessary contact with cranky people. If you feel uncomfortable dragging your kids for shopping, online shopping is the best way to counter that. Most of us are sometimes concerned with private shopping; online shopping offers you a great platform to do so with comfort. Also, when you are buying gifts, online mode is the perfect way to send your distant friends or relatives the gift you wanted to send. When it comes to payment, you can use anyone’s credit card when shopping online. A lot of us are concerned about the identity theft when hear about online shopping. Identity theft cases take place in reality in brick and mortar store itself and not online. Websites are secure these days with powerful encryption procedures that keep your identity safe and secure. Although there are a few where your information may not be secure, you can take a peaceful breathe when dealing with the vast majority of online shopping website. Consider websites that offer free shipping and this is definitely the way to go. As the price of gas is increasing, shipping and handling might be cheaper anyway. Disadvantages of online shopping: Although online shopping is 24/7 available, you cannot feel or touch items rather can just see what is present on a webpage whereas in brick and mortar stores you can see many things at a glance and buy after you feel or touch the product. As the term suggests, online shopping is only possible through the internet, therefore, the connection speed matter a lot here. Unlike conventional stores which don’t close unexpectedly, online stores incurs frequent malfunction. The most common grumble people have with online stores is regarding warranties and some sort of guarantees, which they fail to offer in most cases. Apparently, these would mean nothing if the online store went bankrupt. Similarly returns are also very much difficult on online stores than in local stores. It very normal that many online stores don’t accept cash or checks, although some sites do, you still have to use the credit cards. When purchasing online, billing errors are the common things you may encounter whereas in local stores these errors are nearly impossible. The very big disadvantage an online website may have is the credit card security issue, despite the fact that how secure the website claims to be, you can not always trust them. There have been many cases where people realized that their credit card number has been stolen and has been used by others. The bottom line is, online shopping is the ultimate solution people are finding today, but conventional stores are still here to stay. How to cite Advantages of Online Shopping, Essay examples

Andy Warhol the Founder and a Major Figure Essay Example For Students

Andy Warhol the Founder and a Major Figure Essay Warhol was obsessed by ambition to become famous and wealthy, and he knew the only was to achieve this was faith hard work. In the asses, he moved to a place on East 75th Street, his mother moved with him. Warhol had successful career as a commercial artist, he won several commendations from the Art Directors Club and the American Institute of Graphic Arts. In 1952, the artist had his first individual show at the Hugo Gallery, exhibiting Fifteen Drawings based on the Writing of Truman Capote. His work was exhibited in several Other venues during the asses, including his first group how at The Museum of Modern Art in 1956. Soon He had all of New York copying his work The asses was when Warhol began to make his first prints. They started off mostly based on comic strips like, Dick Tracy, Superman, and Popeye. In 1962 Warhol made prints of dollar bills and Campbell soup cans. He also did many prints on famous people, including Marilyn Monroe, John Wayne and Nanny Oakley, He was well known for making prints with slight color change, Whorls favorite printmaking technique was silkscreen. In this same year, 1962, he mounded The Factory, it an art studio where he employed in a rather chaotic way art workers to mass produce mainly prints and posters, but also some other things like shoes designed by the artist. Other from art, the Factory also served as a filmmaker studio. He made a series of mom films about time, boredom and repetition which became underground classics such as the Empire, The Chelsea and Blow Job. In November of this year, Eleanor Ward showed his paintings at Stable Gallery, it became a sensation November, 1964, his first solo exhibition in the LLC. S was held at Leo Castillo Gallery. This is when he began his self Portrait Series. Summer Of 1966, six Of his self portraits was shown at Expo 67 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. In August of this year he began to go to different colleges across the Los Angles area and give Lectures, they became so popular that some colleges hired Allen Midget to impersonate him for lectures. Warhol later moved and met Fred Hughes, Who later became president Of Enterprises and Interview Magazine. Then, on June 3rd, 1968, Valerie Solaris. Member of the entourage surrounding Warhol, and the sole member of SCUM Society for Cutting LIP Men) walked into Whorls Studio, The Factory, and shot Andy Warhol 3 times in the chest. He avgas rushed to the hospital and the doctors said he was dead, but they decided to open up his chest and massage his heart, just in case. It worked and Warhol survived the attempted murder after spending tuft months in the hospital Valerie turned herself in and was put in a Mental Insti tute and later given a 3 year prison sentence. Afterwards, Warhol dropped out Of the filmmaker business, but continued every now and then With his nutrition to art. During the sasss and Us, Warhol Status as a media icon skyrocketed. He began publishing issues for Interview Magazine. In 1971 He opened his play, Pork, at the London Roundhouse Theatre. He resumed with his paintings in 1972 The Factory was moved to Broadway. In 1976 he did he Skulls, and Hammer, and Sickle series. On February 22, 1987, a day of medical infamy, quoted by a biographer, Andy Warhol died Although the bullets didnt kill him, his own gall bladder did. He died after a routine gall bladder surgery, he was 58 years old.

Luka Lacommande Assignment 10 Essays - Brain, Emotion, Limbic System

Luka Lacommande Assignment 10 3b) i) spacing out: When someone is talking to you and you're in the moon or the opposite. ii) pretend listening: You're barely listening, just enough to be able to have a short response to the speaker. iii) selective listening: only listening to what interests you and the rest you ignore. iv) Only listening to the words, neglecting any body language. vi) Seeing everything from your own point of view. 3c) i) Advice: give a suggestion to someone based on a previous experience ii) Judge: When you're judging, you're not really paying attention. iii) Probe: Trying to get someone to talk about their emotions when they re not ready too. e) 40% tone and 53% body language f) i) g) Really paying attention to what the person says. -Actually feeling what the person is going through - Repeating what the other person is saying. 4a) Sometimes I stare into their eyes but not during the whole conversation because I start feeling uncomfortable. b) A hormone in your body that controls your body's metabolism and immune response. You can control it with your diet, when you reduce stress, when you work out frequently etc. c) I often get lost in what the person is saying and I need to ask them politely to repeat what they just said so I can understand. d) Because Trudeau made sure that Trump wasn't going to pull him towards him. e) I stay neutral, everything mostly goes on in my head. People say that I'm a calm person because I don't really show my emotions.

Kate Chopin and The Story of an Hour Research Paper Example

Kate Chopin and The Story of an Hour Research Paper Example Kate Chopin and The Story of an Hour Paper Kate Chopin and The Story of an Hour Paper Essay Topic: Literature Literary elements support and develop the themes in all works of fine literature. The short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin is a work delicately woven together with different literary elements including symbolism, character, and point of view that contribute to the theme of the story, which is a study of individuality conflicting with oppression. Oppression in general can come from society, human beings, or even from the same person. In this short story, Louise is being oppressed by all three groups aforementioned. She is oppressed by society in having to conform to a certain stereotypical method of mourning, oppressed by her husband and their marriage, and oppressed by her own heart, which dares not continue on after losing her independence once more. Oppression in America was not uncommon at this time, especially in marriages. Kate Chopin was a feminist and often tried to expose how confined women were in society and in marital relationships. Liu Zhuo said that â€Å"[This short story was] exploring how American main stream society ignored womens values and imposed constraints on spiritual freedom. (Zhuo, 2004). Individuality in this short story is seen strongly when Louise is contemplating her own life. She, a dependent and intelligent woman, feels as if she has shrugged off some horrid burden and is allowed to have a free and wonderful time after she learns of the accident. As impressive as this may sound, she was intended on being just another woman being oppressed in this time period, but the death of her husband liberates her enough to show her independent nature. Emily Toth notes that Louise â€Å"will not have to live her life for anyone else; she will not have to submit to anyones wishes but her own. † (Toth, pg 10). Her strong will and desire to be her own person is evident in this analysis. Louise desires nothing more than to be her own person, but she may have not been aware if that before the news arrived. When her unknown desire comes into light, she becomes a shining new woman that is apart from other confined women. Symbolism in â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is both subtle and strong. Symbolism of oppression is often here seen in her desire to be free. This desire is projected to an open window and this window becomes a symbol for her newly-found freedom and prospects after finding out that her husband has died. Peering out of this window, Louise sees life and earthly wonders she had never before hoped to enjoy, and she begins to wonder about how her life will be now that she is free from the marriage. The text even goes so far in stating that â€Å"She was drinking in a very elixir of life through that open window. † (Chopin, 1894). This symbol becomes complete when she turns away from the window to find her husband lives, at which point she loses her life. Another symbolic aspect in this short story is her heart itself. In the story, her heart issues are the main focus of disaster and her joy. At the beginning of the story, her heart trouble is the first thing that is mentioned about her. When she begins thinking about her newly-acquired freedom, her heart races. The text relates that â€Å"Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body. † (Chopin, pgh 11). This would imply that her heart had been stoic and languid before this time, meaning that she was only now truly beginning to live. The news of her husbands death may have been broken to her gently so that her heart might not cause her death, but her heart actually stops beating when she finds out that he lives, alluding that she has symbolically and physically died again under her marriages oppression. Asserting that the heart troubles are symbolic, it would be easy to compare metaphorically her physical heart trouble to the trouble of her love life. It is common knowledge that when one loses another their heart might break, or that when one is in love their heart swells. Hearts are symbols for love, and Louises heart clearly lacks strength here. Louise has no reason to hate her husband, or be glad that he is dead. Rather, she expressed that she would be mournful at his funeral, and stated clearly that she did not love her husband. The characters of this story are very interesting, but Louise Mallard is the only one that has any true depth given to her. She is portrayed as a woman that has been confined to the cage of marriage, and would do anything to get out. She showed immense emotion to the onlookers after hearing the news of her husbands death but her inner thoughts and desires were joyful and hopeful. She has heart problems, but they are presented very vaguely and without a true label of disease. This, along with her external mannerisms suggest that her heart problems are physical and emotional. The point of view is written in third-person omniscient and is essential for the story to be carried out correctly. As a matter of fact, the entirety of the story would be very different if it had been written in the first-person point of view. The very first sentence would not have been possible, and thus the knowledge of her heart malady would not have been revealed. Perhaps if it had been written from her eyes, the entire story also might have sounded rather malicious. The narrator also serves to make Louise a sympathetic character rather than an uncaring one. Making excuses and sugar-coating her feelings of freedom, the narrator is essential in this story. Louise was not seeking out freedom from oppression or her marriage, but she had a taste of freedom through her open window when she learned she was a widow. Rather than her heart breaking as her family feared, her heart started beating. Louise gained her individuality and became a very dynamic character in the hour shut up in her room. Through the sympathetic narrator, the reader goes on a journey of self-discovery with Louise as she claws her way to a free state of mind and being. It is with these literary elements that the story teaches the theme of an individual dealing with an oppressive marriage. Resources http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DBDS200406020.htm

Common Aspects in the Articles The Effect of Television Viewing on Term Paper

Common Aspects in the Articles The Effect of Television Viewing on Adolescents Civic Participation and Not Necessarily Not the News - Term Paper Example In The Effect of Television Viewing on Adolescents’ Civic Participation, Hoffman and Thomson have vividly analyzed how the trend of political activeness among the younger generation has been twisted by media in the recent past. Aaron McKain, in Not Necessarily Not the News, has also been able to distinguish between the parody news and the conventional counterpart. These two articles have shared various ideas concerning the parody of The Daily Show to a great extent. However, the two also display some disparities in their findings on the youth and political participation.   An overview of both the Effect of Television Viewing on Adolescents’ Civic Participation and Not Necessarily Not the News reveals the two share some common grounds. On clear agreement between the two is that the late-night comedy news has gradually increased political participation, including the voter turnout among the youth. For example, with the relentless effort of Stewart, the host of The Daily Show, about 75% of the young adults volunteered for civic participation in the year 2001 (Hoffman, 3). However, the Effect of Television Viewing on Adolescents’ Civic Participation does not only focus on Stewart’s show; it attributes the increase to other similar late shows and comedies that portray the political situations in the nation. McKain seems to go in the same direction as Hoffman and Thomson. He states that in 2004, there was a significant increase in the number of politically active young Americans. The increase was estimated at 23% (McKain, 1). A similar instance was noticed in 2000 when over 39% of the young people aged between 18 and 29 claimed that they had received the news of campaign from the late night comedy shows such as The Daily Show.

Returning to school Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Returning to school - Essay Example However, this year was different. This year was the tenth anniversary of high school for our batch and a reunion had been planned in accordance with the school tradition. I was excited several days in advance for this event. The anticipation of meeting old friends and colleagues, most of whom I had lost touch with, added to the excitement. Finally the day came and I left for my school. Special arrangements were made by the school for our stay. We were greeted with music and flowers. Many of my colleagues had arrived with their spouses. I was still unmarried and single. I could have a glance at my school crushes. It was amazing to see the transformation in the people in ten years. Some so called dumb people had become millionaires and billionaires while some of the smartest guys were leading mediocre lives. A few of my colleagues had become mothers and fathers of two while the others were still taking their chances at the party. Some had become partly bald while the others were seen with a pot belly. It was heart-warming to meet old teachers who were still there. We could recognize them easily while they found it hard to do so. All of us were served a delicious dinner and drinks. Thereafter, we went on the dance floor and made a lot of fun. We took contact numbers of each other and promised to be in touch. We waved good bye to each other with heavy hearts. Returning to school after 10 years was just an amazing experience. It made me realize how far I have come in life and what has been left behind. We would plan such reunions in the future as well and try to relive the good old

English Lesson Plan For Pupils Of The Third Grade Essay

English Lesson Plan For Pupils Of The Third Grade - Essay Example STANDARDS: In this lesson, the students learn to meet standards of English expression by using prepositional phrases, as well as comparing nation and nationality, by producing short autobiographical stories. This concept is central to understanding nation vs. nationality (â€Å"S/he is French; S/he is from France†) generally and can aid students in their use of essays. THEME: The theme of the lesson is the presentation of autobiography. The location of the narrator in context to the city, state, and nation are consistently referred to in the lesson, in terms of locating these objects through using prepositions and appropriate descriptors (â€Å"London is a city; France is a country†). Therefore, places themselves, as location techniques, provide a continuous theme that is picked up by the class through using reading, writing, and most importantly, speaking. Language: Students are able to express the location and nationality of their parents and grandparents using descriptors, along with simple prepositional phrases. Students will demonstrate mastery of differentiation of nation and nationality, and then relate these constructions to space and placement using autobiographical stories. Content: Content standards discussed above are met through repetition and regression of problem areas. The content covers a span of relatively basic exercises in the differentiation of cities and countries, along with nations and nationalities, as they are used in various prepositional phrases and relations, and moves on to consider more complex constructions such as the present perfect (â€Å"I have been here for†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ) (Getting, 1994). LEARNING STRATEGIES: In this lesson, visual learning is very important. Students learn to relate nations and nationalities through looking at maps and the representations of people through their placement in relation to space, time, and other objects.

Description of the US Citizenship Process

Description of the US Citizenship Process   Jacob Hill   Citizenship isnt as simple as residence. There are many requirements beyond residence to qualify as a citizen of the United States. Some people have lived here for years and still arent qualified to vote because they are not yet citizens. Specific criterion have been set to acquire citizenship that involve things such as knowledge of basic United States history, fluent english, and many other things that will be discussed throughout this paper. Overall, as a born-in citizen, I will be discussing the other end of the spectrum and the advantages that citizens have over aliens. To become a citizen, there are a few processes an individual can take. One way is to be born in the United States, though you cant really choose this option. The other way is through naturalization. Naturalization is the established legal process that allows an individual to acquire citizenship in a new country. The naturalization process is different for every country, but in the United States of America, we like to make the process simple and overall easy. Whether this is a good thing is up to each person on their own to decide. To discuss the naturalization process, we first have to draw the lines as to who is a born-in citizen. Any person born in Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or Guam is also a citizen from birth. There are a few more rules though. Children born on an American embassy anywhere in the world are also citizens; however, a child born on a foreign embassy on United States soil isnt a citizen. This means that in America we look at both where and to whom you are born to define your citizenship. Therefore, anyone born outside of those boundaries set has to go through the naturalization process before they can enjoy their life as a citizen of the United States of America. To begin the naturalization process an applicant needs to be qualified to apply. This requires a few extra boundaries. First of all, for any of this to matter, the applicant needs to be at least eighteen years of age. This is because before a person is eighteen their citizenship is based on their parents. If a person of age is wanting to file, they need to find out if their are eligible due to their residence or spouse. A person is eligible if they fit under any of these categories for qualification by residence. An applicant must: Have lawfully been admitted for permanent residence, have resided in the states for a minimum of five years with less than one full year of absence (or only three years if married to a citizen), have been physically present in the states for at least 30 months out of the last five years (they cannot be absent for more than 6 months at one time), and have lived in a single city or state for at least three months continually. If someone has achieved any of these, they are eligible to apply for citizenship by residence. To apply based on spousal qualifications, a person needs to follow similar guidelines. They need to have lived on United States soil for at least 3 years while married to a citizen. They need to have a legal union, and the spouse had to be a citizen for the full three years, minimum. They do not have to follow the residence laws if the applicants spouse is employed by any of the following organizations: The United States government (this includes all army, navy, marine corporations, or air force employees), American Research Institutes (must be recognized by the attorney general), a recognized religious organization, or certain public international organizations involving the United States. If an applicants spouse fits any of these requirements, then they are eligible for naturalization. Once they have found out whether they are eligible or not, they need to follow the steps to complete an application for citizenship. These can be acquired through a local courthouse or a public government building. This application needs to be accompanied by two photographs of the applicant, these pictures need to meet the standards set by the USCIS (The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services). There are a few documents that are required as well as a fee for application and another fee for fingerprints. After an applicant completes all of these steps, they will receive an appointment letter from the USCIS. This is to get your fingerprinting done. Once this is done, they will set up an appointment for an interview. This interview includes a few questions about your background and about you as a person, to test the good moral character required. If the applicant is passed on, they will be given an English test to see how fluent they are. After completion of that test, they take a civics test. This is a general knowledge test of simple American history, things such as war knowledge, what wars we were involved in and why, what presidents were major models, and other questions along those lines. When the applicant has gone through all of this, they are still a few steps away from becoming a citizen. They first receive a decision. This decision comes from a member of the USCIS looking through the applicants profile and criminal history and seeing if they meet the standards for moral character. Upon examination, if there are any flaws, these will be brought up to the applicant for potential clearing up. After this, the member will look through the answers on the test, grade them, and see if they are qualified to receive a ceremony date. If they pass all tests and their moral character is in tact, they will be scheduled for a ceremony date. The ceremony is where the applicant finally officially becomes a United States citizen. This ceremony usually happens at the nearest courthouse, and includes a few more applicants. These dates are usually spread out so that there can be as many people as possible receiving their citizenship cards at the same time. When the applicant arrives at the courthouse, they are required to turn in their Permanent Resident Card. This is simply because once they are citizens they will not need it anymore. Once they do that, court is in session. In the court, they will all line up, pledge their allegiance to the United States, the usual way, and sit with the other applicants. Each individual will get up and give a speech for those in the court, usually family and friends are there to support them. They will discuss what they have been doing since they found out that they are eligible to receive their citizenship, and why they desired to be citizens of this great country. After everyone is done with their speeches, they move on as a group to the floor. They will all take the Oath of Allegiance. This is the final step to naturalization. It is the last leap to becoming a citizen, and after it is done, there is only one thing left to do, celebrate. It may be a simple process, but it is incredibly lengthy, not including the time that you have to have lived in the States. This process can really take a toll on a person, so it is a glorious time when the applicant finally receives that card. They can finally vote, and gain a United States passport. Above all, they have all the freedoms that a citizen has, and they are protected by the constitution. They can finally get a high end job, and will be respected as any other worker would be. It is difficult to get a job that isnt fast food or shelf-stocking when you arent a legal citizen, so that is a bonus. They finally gain the freedoms listed out in all of the Bill of Rights, and will be tried in court just the same as a born-in citizen would. There isnt any backlash for being a citizen in America, like there would be if you became a citizen of Cuba. The only thing that is an issue is the impossibility of dual citizenship. Here in America, there is a sort of moral code that says we believe a citizen in our country considers us their home, and having dual citizenship doesnt reflect that very well. Of course, in any case that a person truly does want to become a citizen, the process is a little bit more involved than it has been told in this paper. When a person wants to become a citizen, they dont already have the knowledge of what wars America has been in, and they surely dont know all of the presidents. There is studying to do, and along with that, the process nearly requires a lawyer who majors in legalization and immigration. The legal steps to becoming a citizen like finding out whether you are eligible, and how to display yourself to the interviewers. Also getting into the system takes a fine-tuned approach, so the best way to attack that is through someone who truly knows the system. Overall though, being a citizen of this amazing country is worth all the trouble, and the freedoms we have are the greatest we can expect from any country.

Animal Farm, by George Orwell :: Animal Farm Essays

Animal Farm   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The animals (characters) in this movie acted as though they were humans. At the beginning, everything seemed normal, although the animals spoke to one another. Before I knew it, everything got out of hand and the people shot at the animals. Then, the animals attacked the people. The most depressing part of the whole movie was the fact that the pigs had all the power. The power to run the farm as they chose, the power to make the rules and the power to communicate with the humans until greed took over and everything got out of hand.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the beginning of the movie, the Pilkington’s drove down the rode, their children were hitting the pigs with slingshots and it appeared to be a normal, okay thing to do. They didn’t get in trouble in fact it was apparent that these boys needed some discipline. This family apparently had money and because of their social status, felt it was alright to treat animals and people, that weren’t of their caliber, as if they meant nothing to society. There was a great deal of class conflict between the family that lived on the farm, the Jones’, and the Pilkingtons. The Jones’ owed money to the Pilkingtons and they were taunted throughout the movie about it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the other hand, the animals had personalities of their own and were holding meetings in the barn. They would discuss such things as how bad they were being treated by Mr. Jones. He was an alcoholic and drank all the time. He treated the animals poorly and put his drinking and fun before taking care of them. Sometimes they wouldn’t get fed for days. Meanwhile, Mr. Jones heard a lot of noise going on outside while the animals were having one of their meetings, so he took a shotgun out to the barn and shot into the barn killing the â€Å"Old Major†. Because â€Å"Old Major† was the lead pig and was shot and slaughtered, the other pigs decided it was time for a Revolution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Soon after the shooting happened, the pig slaughterer tried to feed â€Å"Jessie† the sheepdog, the raw bones of â€Å"Old Major†. She knows it’s his bones and she refuses them and decides to walk away even though she was starving.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The pigs were the leaders of all the farm animals and had all the power to make the rules. As time went by, these pigs got more and more greedy and decided they would change the rules to their satisfaction.

Reaction to and Criticism of Behavior and Cognitive Therapies Essay

Behavior therapy and cognitive therapy are both popular methods used by counselors and therapists to change a person’s perception about themselves and situations surrounding them. In this essay, the writer will attempt to critique each type of therapy, as well as give a short personal reaction to each. Behavior therapy was developed from several older theories, but it has definitely gone its own way in terms of how â€Å"abnormal behaviors† are looked at and treated (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 243). For example, unwanted behaviors are not immediately classified as illnesses, and they are treated as normal behaviors are in terms of how they are developed (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 243). According to the chapter, abnormal behaviors are learned in much the same way as normal behaviors (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 243). It is human nature to learn through experiences, so bad experiences over a long period of time would logically lead to abnormal behavior. However, if someone is alerted that their behaviors are unacceptable and must change, behavioral therapy can give the person training in how to reverse that behavior (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 244). Basically, this writer draws from the reading that making someone want to change their behavior is behind the success of behavioral therapy. It is human nature to want to fit into society, and so making eliminating unwanted behavior seem like a way to achieve â€Å"fitting in† is enough motivation for most people to change. The behavior therapy chapter was full of good information on ways to make people change their behaviors. The authors admitted that this type of therapy usually takes quite a few sessions, and I can easily understand why that would be the case (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 263). In particular, if one reads the case study involving the man with the uncontrollable urge to expose himself, it is easy to see how a behavior that has spanned twenty years would be very hard to let go of (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, pp. 273-276). However, finding the basis of the behavior and taking steps to make it undesirable saved him from another confinement (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 276). I feel that behavior therapy plays on the primal human urge to not stand out. This would make it a good approach to use on a person who feels cut off from society, and a good way to make them feel more accepted. Cognitive therapy is based less on what a person does and more on how a person thinks (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 285). It is similar to the psychoanalytic method, but differs in that the thoughts of a person can be interpreted for what they are, not as vessels for repressed memories (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 287). Many people have distorted ideas about themselves and their world, and that is where psychological problems stem from(Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 286). The idea of cognitive therapy is to take those ideas and restructure them into views that are actually more in sync with what is true (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 287). This writer believes that many people could benefit from cognitive therapy, because many look down on themselves and think that they are less than what they are. Although cognitive therapy is based on thought, and seems to assert it is human nature to be led by one‘s thoughts, it is often combined with behavior therapy(Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 288). I believe this is because thoughts lead to actions, so undesirable thoughts would naturally lead to undesirable actions. The authors state that part of cognitive therapy is testing if thoughts are logical, and working on ways to change them if they are not (Corsini and Wedding, 2006, p. 287). The only concern I would have with this method would be using it with someone who is potentially suicidal. Having someone reflect on such dangerous thoughts might end in tragedy if the situation were not handled correctly. Overall, the cognitive approach along with the behavioral approach to therapy seems to be a good fit for a lot of the psychological problems that plague people.

Free Essays on Causes Of The Spanish American War

Causes of the Spanish American War Yellow Journalism Joseph Pulitzer – The World Wm. Randolph Hearst – The Journal These newspapers printed slanted and sensationalized articles about the war to attract readers. Cubans revolt against Spanish rule in Cuba Jose Marti – Cuban patriot who wrote newspaper articles about the struggle for freedom. Lola Rodrigvez ditio – Puerto Rican poet who wrote poems for Puerto Rican Independence. The U.S. wanted to protect their business interests in Cuba. Entrepreneurs saw natural resources and cheap labor. Expansionists saw new territories to conquer. The Yellow Press influenced decisions made in Washington, and the â€Å"jingoistic† attitude of national assertiveness made the plight of the Cubans something to fight for. General â€Å"Butcher† Weyler, nicknamed by Hearst’s Journal, was the commander of the Spanish forces in Cuba. He began a policy of â€Å"reconcentrado† where Cubans were forced into camps under the notion of being defended from the US. Rather this was done so that Cubans could not aid or join US forces. These people suffered greatly at the Butcher’s hands, and any sympathizers were executed. The U.S. wanted to enforce/expand the Monroe Doctrine. The battleship Maine exploded in Havana Harbor. The DeLome Letter The NY Journal published a letter from the Spanish Minister to the US, Dupuy de Lome, to Jose Canalejas, a Spanish editor and politician, which contained derogatory references to Pres. McKinley. The public was outraged. The Teller Amendment Demanded that Spain relinquish its authority and government in Cuba, and gave the president the authority to use land and navel forces to enforce this resolution.... Free Essays on Causes Of The Spanish American War Free Essays on Causes Of The Spanish American War Causes of the Spanish American War Yellow Journalism Joseph Pulitzer – The World Wm. Randolph Hearst – The Journal These newspapers printed slanted and sensationalized articles about the war to attract readers. Cubans revolt against Spanish rule in Cuba Jose Marti – Cuban patriot who wrote newspaper articles about the struggle for freedom. Lola Rodrigvez ditio – Puerto Rican poet who wrote poems for Puerto Rican Independence. The U.S. wanted to protect their business interests in Cuba. Entrepreneurs saw natural resources and cheap labor. Expansionists saw new territories to conquer. The Yellow Press influenced decisions made in Washington, and the â€Å"jingoistic† attitude of national assertiveness made the plight of the Cubans something to fight for. General â€Å"Butcher† Weyler, nicknamed by Hearst’s Journal, was the commander of the Spanish forces in Cuba. He began a policy of â€Å"reconcentrado† where Cubans were forced into camps under the notion of being defended from the US. Rather this was done so that Cubans could not aid or join US forces. These people suffered greatly at the Butcher’s hands, and any sympathizers were executed. The U.S. wanted to enforce/expand the Monroe Doctrine. The battleship Maine exploded in Havana Harbor. The DeLome Letter The NY Journal published a letter from the Spanish Minister to the US, Dupuy de Lome, to Jose Canalejas, a Spanish editor and politician, which contained derogatory references to Pres. McKinley. The public was outraged. The Teller Amendment Demanded that Spain relinquish its authority and government in Cuba, and gave the president the authority to use land and navel forces to enforce this resolution....

Free Essays on Paul Cronan Case Analysis

Introduction: The Paul Cronan case deals with an employee of New England Telephone Company (NET) of Boston who developed AIDS, lost his employment, and subsequently brought a lawsuit against the company. He charged that â€Å"†¦NET had discriminated against him based on a handicap, AIDS; had violated his right to privacy; and had coerced him not to return to work†.1 Legal Issues: There are two main legal issues in the Paul Cronan case: a) the employee’s reasonable expectation of privacy and b) is the disease, AIDS, covered by anti-discrimination laws and, if so, did NET discriminate against the employee? The laws involved in this case are The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) under the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the individual state’s privacy laws. Legal Analysis: Every employee has a certain right to privacy under the law. Certain information about the employee must be kept confidential by the employer unless the employee gives special permission for what and to whom the information is released. Paul Cronan informed his immediate supervisor and the company physician about his condition and denied permission for anyone else to be notified. The supervisor told three of his supervisors and the information gradually leaked out to all of the employees. This general knowledge led to an environment of fear and hostility toward Mr. Cronan related to his disease and also to his sexual orientation. During the year he was off work, he heard of graffiti and generalized hostile conversation about his lifestyle and his disease. When he was ready to return to work, he wanted assurances from his supervisor that he would not be physically harmed upon his return. The supervisor did not respond to these inquiries. Even though Mr. Cronan did receive a letter fr om NET offering to return him to his previous position and make â€Å"reasonable accommodation† to his situation, Mr. Cronan was convinced that the letter was just a cover for poten... Free Essays on Paul Cronan Case Analysis Free Essays on Paul Cronan Case Analysis Introduction: The Paul Cronan case deals with an employee of New England Telephone Company (NET) of Boston who developed AIDS, lost his employment, and subsequently brought a lawsuit against the company. He charged that â€Å"†¦NET had discriminated against him based on a handicap, AIDS; had violated his right to privacy; and had coerced him not to return to work†.1 Legal Issues: There are two main legal issues in the Paul Cronan case: a) the employee’s reasonable expectation of privacy and b) is the disease, AIDS, covered by anti-discrimination laws and, if so, did NET discriminate against the employee? The laws involved in this case are The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) under the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the individual state’s privacy laws. Legal Analysis: Every employee has a certain right to privacy under the law. Certain information about the employee must be kept confidential by the employer unless the employee gives special permission for what and to whom the information is released. Paul Cronan informed his immediate supervisor and the company physician about his condition and denied permission for anyone else to be notified. The supervisor told three of his supervisors and the information gradually leaked out to all of the employees. This general knowledge led to an environment of fear and hostility toward Mr. Cronan related to his disease and also to his sexual orientation. During the year he was off work, he heard of graffiti and generalized hostile conversation about his lifestyle and his disease. When he was ready to return to work, he wanted assurances from his supervisor that he would not be physically harmed upon his return. The supervisor did not respond to these inquiries. Even though Mr. Cronan did receive a letter fr om NET offering to return him to his previous position and make â€Å"reasonable accommodation† to his situation, Mr. Cronan was convinced that the letter was just a cover for poten...

The reasons why the FASB and the IASB seeking to converge and improve Essay

The reasons why the FASB and the IASB seeking to converge and improve their respective conceptual frameworks and why the project will take along time to complete - Essay Example Following are some of the reasons for the convergence of accounting standards. †¢ Harmonize the global accounting standards so that the users of financial statements feel harmony with rest of their other counterparts anywhere across the globe. †¢ Making the financial statements of the entities comparable all over the world in respect of the accounting policies used by the entities †¢ Eliminating the impact of biasness and partiality from the financial statements such that integrative and objective financial statements can be prepared †¢ Providing opportunities especially to multinational companies to prepare their financial statements on the basis of single common accounting standards so that the manipulations and misrepresentations can be avoided while formulating the consolidated financial statements of the whole group of companies In bringing more convergence in setting the accounting standards, yet there is a long period of time required for this purpose. Some of the reasons for such possible extended time to be taken are as follows: Legal and regulatory stoppages and restrictions which do not allow the accounting standard boards to bring so early changes in the accounting standards merely on the basis of producing more convergent accounting standards. Laws of the jurisdictions ask some real and substance based reasons to bring such changes in the accounting standards. ... Therefore practically once the accounting standards are reformulated, their adoption takes two to three years by the entities in their implementation. In a nutshell, the main hurdle for setting up the new accounting standards for the purpose of convergence, is posed by the regulatory bodies and persuading them for such changes require substantial amount of time and efforts followed by the time taken by the entities to adopt the new accounting standards after their formulation therefore making it more longer for the accounting standards to be convergent globally. Discuss the problems involved in refining, updating, completing and converging the existing FASB and IASB conceptual frameworks into a common framework, illustrating your discussion with reference to specific issues. Discuss that are controversial and difficult to resolve The major problems that arise in refining, updating, completing and converging the present accounting standards issued by FASB and IASB have significant imp lications. Most of the problems are of technical nature however some administrative issues that hinder the convergence process cannot be altogether ignored. In the following discussion some of those problems are highlighted. Retrospective changes in the financial statements In developing new standards which are more convergent in the form of a common framework, both FASB and IASB have to change their existing frameworks altogether. Due to those changes, the financial statements previously prepared under each of the accounting standards would have to be changed by the entities on retrospective bases under newly developed common framework which may display some material diversions as compared to the previously furnished financial statements. In this way the financial

Corporate social responsibility Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Corporate social responsibility - Dissertation Example The internal and external forces that are contributory for quality management for the company to be able to enforce corporate social responsibility (Industryplayer.com, 2013). †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 Figure 2. Building a model for ethical corporate social responsibility (publicrelationssolutions.com, 2013). †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..17 Figure 3. Kim, 2006 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.30 Figure 4. Spatial options for companies on what to choose as environment for its CSR implementation (Panasonic.com.au, 2013) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..31 Chapter 1 Introduction Corporate social responsibility has been seriously considered significant part of business leadership and in meeting the stakeholder’s expectations specially the conscientious consumers or investors who wanted to maintain a Socially Responsible Investment (SRI). Thus, corporate social responsibility entails more qualified employees and sustaining corporate political interests to meet accountability and responsibility. Purpose of the study This paper will provide a meta-analysis of the theory of corporate social responsibility and its application in business management and in envisioning a community where people are enjoying too of the corporate vision for an improved economic well-being of the community. Significance of the Study This study is imperative to contribute scholarly studies on corporate social responsibility and how the companies’ empirical experiences sup port their endeavours to gain corporate credibility and integrity. It will also facilitate in the...1-3). Transparency require that the company must publicized their annual reports to detail their achievements, their credibility and best practices, including those matters where they need improvement and where they could potentially leverage in the next period of business operations (Burja & Mihalache, 2010, pp. 1-3).The inability of the company to perform the desired targets will create internal and ex...

HACCEP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HACCEP - Essay Example Use properly sanitized wash water (Chlorinated at least 0.1%) Food handlers must use properly sanitized mask, head gears, and gloves. All utensils must be properly sanitized with hot water. Monitor water chlorination level Monitor use of food handlers’ gears Monitor sanitization procedures ... Monitor use of food handlers' gears Monitor sanitization procedures Adjust chlorination level to desired concentration Require food handlers to use masks, caps, and gloves Require sanitization Step: Cooking Pathogen survival and growth Baking is at 180C for 45 minutes; Heating of liquid below 80C; Additional baking 180C for 5-10 minutes Check oven and heating temperatures using sanitized thermometers Record time and temperature settings Adjust to the desired temperature. If lower temperature is used extend time of cooking Discard if over-cooked Step: Holding Growth of pathogens Refrigerate not more than 10C Hold in chilled conditions up to 3 days Check temperature settings Record temperatures within storage duration If storage temp is higher than desired for extended period, Reheat in oven using reheating procedure. Discard after 3 reheating cycles. Step: Reheating Pathogen survival Heat in oven at 180 C for 5-10 minutes Maximum of 3 reheating is allowed Check temperature Record number of times of reheating Ensure right temperature and time Discard if not consumed after 3rd reheating Step: Serving Contamination Serve hot about 40 C Check serving temperature Reheat if product is cold or below 30

History of Movie Theaters in Louisiana and the Surrounding Area Essay Example for Free

History of Movie Theaters in Louisiana and the Surrounding Area Essay When we think of the history of the traditional, American movie going, a number of images come to mind: the mighty organ accompanying a movie palace’s silent-era feature, the Iconic searchlights proclaiming a Golden Age Hollywood premiere, teenagers cruising at the local drive in, an audience of otherwise sensibly attired adults wearing cardboard, and young adults carrying five dollar bills to the Cineplex at the end of the mall in order to see the latest sequel. But while these iconic, even stereotypical, images suggest something of the truth behind the American movie theater’s history, they also omit much of the social reality that has co-existed along with these instances of the mainstream filmgoing experience. While Hollywood features and first-run urban theaters may have greater single importance than any other mode of exhibition, a number of other important alternatives have fleshed out audiences’ encounters with film. One such alternative, with a fascinating yet understudied history all its own, was the Black movie house circuit that existed in the United States from (at least) 1907 until the 1970’s (Crafton 412). With the project in mind of examining the cultural, social, and economic history of Black film theaters. I will discuss in this essay the development of Black film theaters in Austin, Texas, focusing especially on that city’s longest standing and most prominent â€Å"show†, the Harlem Theater. Although movies came to the Texas capital before the turn of the century and all-movie theaters began to proliferate there during America’s post-1905 nickelodeon boom, the first recorded â€Å"colored† film theater – the Dixie-Dale – opened in Austin in 1920 under the management of Joseph Trammell. I found no other details about Trammell or the Dixie-Dale, but it is recorded that after two years the theater was renamed the Lincoln and managed by A. C. Lawson until it closed in 1928 or 1929. Austin also supported a second Black movie house in the 1920s. The Lyric, which opened in 1922, just one block east of the downtown Lincoln, was owned and operated by Dr. Everett H. Givens, a practicing dentist (with an office next door) who would become Austin’s most prominent Black civic leader from the 1930s until his death in 1962. For reasons unclear at this point, Dr. Givens’ Lyric, which changed its name to the Dunbar when A. C. Lawson took over its management in 1929, survived the Lincoln by a few years, closing in 1931. Whether the fist Black film theaters in Austin closed due to the Depression, the cost of converting to sound, or some other reason, is impossible to judge given the paucity of data available about these enterprises. However, placing the existence of the Lincoln and the Lyric in the contexts of both African American life in Austin and the concurrent national Black film theater scene enhances a historical understanding of these two houses both as business and as entertainment venues. From a national perspective, we know that the motion picture theater, with its roots in the Jim Crow era, had always been subject to racial segregation. Sometimes Black patrons were restricted to balconies or other special sections of the theater, but Black-only theaters were common in the United States from at least 1910, a year when a Black newspaper in Washington wrote matter-of-factly that â€Å"there are separate motion picture theaters among the whites and blacks in this country†(Washington Bee 4). Although at the turn of the century â€Å"there was hardly a theater for colored people in the entire United States† (Negro Yearbook, 24), by 1925, there were at least 425 Black theaters (of all types), virtually all of which offered films â€Å"in whole or part. Of these, nearly half were, like the Lyric and possibly the Lincoln, Black-owned (Negro Yearbook, 379). But ownership of Black movie houses, in contrast to the first-run, White theaters of the day, was not done by regional or national chains, nor by affiliated circuits; because houses operated independently, the dynamics of local conditions of affected theaters like the Lincoln as much as national structure did. Historically, social and economic conditions changed greatly for Austin’s Black movie houses appeared. During and after Reconstruction, Black neighborhoods had existed in several locations around Austin: Clarksville in west Austin, Kincheonville to the south, Gregoryville in East Austin, Masontown in the southeast. Horse’s Pasture and Wheatville to the north, and so on (Austin American-Statesman, D41). Compared to other towns of the time, particularly in the South, race relations were fairly calm, albeit within the practice of institutionalized racism. The town boasted â€Å"three colleges and institutions for colored people,† maintained some neighborhoods (such as Masontown) that were racially integrated among Blacks, Whites, Hispanics, and Asians, and in general obtained a reputation as a town without the major problems of racial violence that plagued most American communities. But during the ‘teens segregation patterns began to develop’ (Freeman). In 1919 a White representative of the young NAACp was beaten by a White mob in the middle of downtown, and in the 1920s â€Å"the city of Austin created a ‘Negro district’ in East Austin†¦ inducing blacks to move there† by implementing though zoning laws elsewhere (Austin American-Statesman, D41). So it was that the majority of Austin’s African American population (which has consistently remained at just below 20 percent of Austin’s total) became concentrated in an area east of downtown and between 12th Street to the north and 7th Street to the south. Not surprisingly, then, both of Austin’s silent-era Black theaters were built on East 6th Street, near the racial dividing line of East Avenue, within the only downtown shopping and dining district that served Black patrons, yet away from the White theater district on the city’s main thoroughfare of Congress Avenue. I could uncover little information, however, that would indicate the nature or reception of these early movie houses. Longtime Austin resident I. C. Jones recalled visiting the Lincoln as a child, where he remembers a piano player accompanying the motion picture entertainment. Lonnie Bell, who wrote for the Black press in Austin for 50 years, indicates that in the 1920s both the Lyric and the â€Å"Lawson Lincoln Theater† were among the very few venues for Black entertainment in the city and so â€Å"did well before the Great Depression in ’29. † (10)Other information about Everett Givens also indicates that he made the Lyric/Dunbar into a focal point for the Black community, viewing the theater as a civic improvement projects as much as a business investment. Flachmeier 32) That these two movie houses were well received an supported by the Black community can also be inferred from the fact that a 1940 account of Austin history prepared by students at Tiltson College (a Black institution) referred to the era of 1905 to 1929 as a time when â€Å"privately owned amusement centers were developed† by Blacks – even though no other Black amusements of second were instituted during this period (Brewer 34). As I mentioned earlier , the cause for these theaters’ demise cannot be established absolutely, but several factors undoubtedly offer reasonable explanations. Bell’s assertion that it was the economic devastation of the Depression that closed the Lincoln and Dunbar makes logical economic sense. Black theater owners, like even the big-time operators, would have been hit hard as the US economy collapsed. Moreover, inasmuch as movie tickets are purchased with â€Å"disposable† income, Black patrons would have been especially likely to curtail their moviegoing since even before the Depression Blacks in Austin earned only one-half the wage of White workers. More specifically, both houses in Austin would have found it even more difficult to cope with the hard times if they attempted to make the costly transition to sound technology in the late twenties or early thirties. The Dallas Film Board o Trade’s statistics on Texas theaters indicate that many theaters, especially independently operated ones, closed in the early thirties, having no sound. (In Austin, two of the five White houses, the Crescent and Star, also went out of business in 1929 to 1931. Furthermore, one-third of Texas’ 30 â€Å"colored theaters† were listed as â€Å"closed, no sound† by the mid-1930s. Other factors may have led to the closure of the Lincoln and Dunbar, but, given the theaters’ dependence on the patron-age of a small, economically marginalized population, in the midst of a severe depression their failure is not surprising. But the history of Black film theaters in Austin did not end with the closing of the Dunbar in 1931. In that same year, real estate was purchased and construction begun on a new movie house that would serve as the hub of Black filmgoing in Austin for the next 40 years. The Harlem Theater, which opened on October 5, 1935 (Green 9), distinguished itself from the earlier theaters – and all subsequent ones – by being located in the heart of East Austin, at 1800 E. 12 Street, where it could better attract Black moviegoers. However, before discussing the reasons for the Harlem’s longevity, I point out that although it was Austin’s only exclusively Black theater, it was not without its competitor for Black audiences. All accounts of Austin in the 1930s and forties agree that the Ritz Theater was the only other house that admitted Black patrons on a regular basis, though customers there were limited to balcony seating and made to use a separate entrance. The Ritz, located on the same block of East 6th street where the Lincoln operated, opened in 1930 under White management, showing a variety of second-run Hollywood films. Manager J. J. Hegman (and his son after him) maintained the segregated seating policy until the Ritz’s closing in the early 1960s. More prominent Austin houses, such as those first-run members of the prestigious Interstate Theater Fircuit (the Paramount, Texas, State and Queen), advertised â€Å"colored midnight shows† from time to time as part of the chain’s overall marketing scheme (1942 Yearbook). Thus, while there was some competition for the Black filmgoing audience, segregated, White-managed theaters did not attempt to offer African Americans the filmgoing experience and environment of an all-Black house like the Harlem; however, the Ritz balcony and special events at other White movie establishments did continue to cultivate and maintain Black filmgoing in the Depression, when no Black Austin theaters were open. Harlem were filled by Black employees with the single exception of the projectionists. But for a small neighborhood theater like the Harlem, any sort of product differentiation whether it was with films, live acts, or ambience would have failed to produce enough box offices for the theater’s survival. As with any theater, the bulk of the profit came not from fifteen and twenty-five cent admissions, but from concessions. On this count, the Harlem again distinguished itself as unique among Austin theaters. In addition to the usual popcorn, candy and soft drink sales, the Harlem Theater operated a confectionery. When the Harlem opened in the midst of America’s Depression in late 1935, the theater soon established itself as one of Austin’s most visible and stable Black-owned businesses. In film industry terms, the Harlem’s success was small. With only 14,000 African American residents in 1935, Austin’s marketplace for Black films was extremely limited, and the theater never expanded nor led to a chain of others. But, through a combination of strategic location, product differentiation, managerial conservatism, and diversification, the Harlem Theater was able to become a profitable local business in the midst of an industry whose structure tended to favor national giants. Like the Lyric before it, the Harlem was established by a middle-class, Black Austin native who had been educated at Tillotson College and operated successfully in other local business before embarking on a risky career in the amusement industry. But George F. Jones, who was already in his forties when he opened the Harlem, also had some experience in programming films for Black audiences. His older brother Evie had purchased an Edison projector in the ‘teens and traveled to tent shows in the South and Black churches in Philadelphia showing â€Å"church movies† (that is, filmed passion plays) to all-Black audiences. After college, five years as a postal clerk, and ten years as a bookkeeper. George F.  Jones himself had worked as the head of Prairie View, Texas’ Auditorium (a film theater) while employed as a clerk at Prairie View State College (1925-35) (Brewer 7). With his wife, Sadie, a Prairie View graduate and educator, Jones was active in the Austin real estate market and their â€Å"co-partnership† became known for â€Å"accumulating valuable real estate holdings. † For the last two decades of his life Jones devoted most of his efforts to managing the Harlem, setting up residence next door to the corner theater upon his return to Austin from Prairie View. While his establishment may not have been unique for its time (there were more than three or four hundred Black theaters in the country), the Harlem was remarkable for being only one of seven US theaters owned and operated by Blacks (The Early Days in East Austin, D42). As an experienced theater manager, real estate buyer, and member of Austin’s African American community. George Jones no doubt realized the importance of the theater’s strategic location in determining its success at attracting movegoers. East 12th Street was essentially the Main Street of East Austin (Early Days in East Austin, D42). The area around the Harlem represented a microcosm of African American life: it was both a quiet neighborhood of residences, churches, grocers, drug stores beauty shops, and cafes, and a place to be â€Å"going up on the cuts† – a street where the action and entertainment were, in the form of taverns, beer joints, and (a block away) the Cotton Club and Paradise Inn for music and dancing. The Harlem was also part of â€Å"The End,† that area around 12th and Chicon Streets (one block away) where Austin’s streetcars, until their cessation in 1940, stopped and turned back toward downtown. In essence, those factors which determined that White theaters were centrally located along Congers Avenue – transportation proximity, pedestrian traffic, shopping convenience, high visibility – similarly made East 12th the choice location for a successful Black movie house.

Genetic Testing And Its Social Implications :: essays research papers

Probably, applied genetics’ most impacts on society are as a result of genetic tests. In general, genetic tests seek to detect some feature of a person’s genetic constitution. This feature can be a disease causing mutation or a marker DNA sequence used to detect presence of another gene. Obviously these procedures used for testing the status of DNA, RNA or chromosomes are included in genetic tests. What is more it is possible to include some protein based tests and classical medical examinations when they aim to detect inheritance of a trait. Genetic tests have been divided into four categories in this text, and they will be examined in greater detail later. These categories are: Prenatal tests that are applied on fetuses during pregnancy. Neonatal screening just after birth and career screening of marrying couples. Testing for serious late-onset disease before the symptoms occur. Testing to assess the probability of developing complex disease. There are a couple of considerations about genetic tests: 1. First of all, the tests should be reliable. When a positive or a negative result is obtained, we should be confident in that result with a confidence approaching 100%. To achieve such a high accuracy is not as easy as it may at first appear to be. Meiotic recombinations that always occur take place during gamete generation, may separate a disease-associated gene and a marker DNA sequence which is used to detect mutated genes. False positive or negative results could be obtained. In addition, genetic tests look for the most common mutations that cause the disease. For example, a test would detect CFTR?F508 (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Receptor) mutation, however it is not possible to detect infinite number of other mutations. Therefore, a genetic test can give such results so that the physician is convinced that his patient is normal while he is affected by an undetectable mutation. New tests are continuously being developed. Doctors and genetic counselors who will use these test s in the future, should be well informed about newly emerging tests. 2. Extremely accurate genetic tests can only be developed by thorough experimentation on human subjects. Although there is generally no physiological risk in experimenting a person, the subjects should be informed that the applied test is not entirely reliable and in experimentation state. Informing subjects of experimentation is an obligation set by the Nuremberg Code. Just after World War II it was discovered that unethical experiments had been performed on humans who were kept in concentration camps of Nazi Germany.

The Western Formula Essay -- essays research papers

A seemingly traditional approach towards the Western frontier is the reason for John Cawelti's assessment from The Six-Gun Mystique. His description of the Western formula being 'far easier to define than that of the detective story'; may clearly be a paradigm for many authors, but not particularly for Stephen Crane. The standards Cawelti has set forth for a successful Western is quite minimal by thought, but at the same time relevant. Crane signifies a different perspective to these standards. Crane's thoughts for the use of the Western formula are just approaches towards the west, from the introductory setting to the coarse grin one cowboy would make towards another. These do not in fact relate to Cawelti's Western formula. Crane's deviation from the formula western signifies his deeper approach towards issues such as human existence and morality—the ethical code that we follow for success. Crane perhaps does this because he personally finds more significance in the inner mea ning of an issue rather than its surfacing argument. Cawelti's Western formula holds a strong assumption that men are assertive and women are insignificant. He is standardizing the black and white of the West. There is an unequivocal struggle between good and evil—and guns and violence can only solve that. Jane Tompkins standpoint on a Western seems to be a middle ground between Cawelti and Crane. She recognizes that violence is a central theme to a Western, but as well explains how we think of violence. In this day of age, we as a society have prohibited violence as a means of solving problems—Crane does not directly follow this in his stories, but definitely questions it. Cawelti on the other hand marks violence as the only answer—another black and white circumstance. 'This radical discrepancy between the sense of eroding masculinity and the view of America as a great history of men against the wilderness has created the need for a means of symbolic expression of masculine potency in an unmistakable way. This means is the gun, particularly the six-gun'; (Crane 299). Tompkins makes us aware that a stereotypical Western will hold two men as the key factors and a struggle between them. Where Crane tries describing macho cowboys in 'The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky,'; he directs more of the theme towards the role of a woman and how it plays agains... ...r, no struggle between evil and good contradicts the formula western. This was not a black and white, hero and villain situation, rather an annoyance. The entire story had complete irrelevance to a stereotypical Western except for the fact that there were three daughters of the hotel owner, Scully, and they made food. That could be the only potential relation to Cawelti's feel on womens' insignificance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It seems that Tompkins is the interpreter between Crane and Cawelti. Cawelti defines the standards and Crane seems to contradict them. Tompkins jumps in and explains what Crane has done and why it is not done like Cawelti. Now she does not directly acknowledge either writer, but clearly works for both. 'So instead of offering you a moral, I call your attention to a moment of righteous ecstasy, the moment when you know you have the moral advantage of your adversary, the moment of murderousness. It's a moment when there's still time top stop. There's still time to reflect, there's still time to recall what happened in High Noon, there's still time to say: 'I don't care who's right or who's wrong. There has to be some better way to live'; (Tompkins 239).

Application of Ict in Classrooms in Rural Area Essay

Abstract This project discusses how class room education without ICT has become one of the major problems in rural area, to be specific Fufore local Government area in Adamawa state. Class room Education in rural area is not as effective as the ones in urban schools, because of their poor standard of learning, lack of communication, information, qualified teachers in rural schools and they lack ICT facilities to help them and provide awareness of modern standard of teaching. So, this project shows how implementation of ICT in class rooms can help these students, its benefits from implementation, challenges and also expectations from results. It involves how the state Government, private organisations and private sources will come together to make this success by providing the necessary materials, ICT services such as computer workstations, projectors, power supply via solar energy, trained computer experts that will show the school how to manage these resources, internet connectivity and basic infrastructure by the Government for these Fufore nursery/primary schools for better education and better knowledge of ICT and how it will greatly affect and have a positive influence to these students and finally this implementation will only benefit the students only but also the teachers who don’t have computer skills. Introduction This project is focused in implementing ICT in rural area, and the case study is on fufore local government in Yola. As we all know rural areas in Nigeria lack quality and basic education, when you talk about education in rural area what comes to our head is low standard of learning, poor education, not well equipped class rooms for student’s education or lack of proper infrastructure suitable for education. An article defined rural education as: There is little dispute that basic education1—often characterized as the reading, math, and other skills and knowledge taught in the first four years of primary school—is critical to economic and social development. Without basic skills, according to one definition, a person cannot comprehend the instructions on a bottle of medicine or a bag of fertilizer or read a government notice. Neither can the person compute a bill or write a letter. Without basic skills, it is impossible to develop one’s potential or to contribute in anything more than a rudimentary manner to society (Greaney, 1999). (Moulton, 2001) Fufore Local Government is settled area in the southern part of Adamawa with five major languages known as Fulani (largest), Bata, Verre, Laka and Pere, it consist of 1500 people that live there, most of them engage in cattle rearing, poultry, farming etc. When i went to observe these schools i noticed there were at least 300 children that went to both nursery and secondary schools, but the problem is they lack facilities that will make these students feel they are learning which makes some students even drop out of schools and start engaging in house work activities. This project focuses on schools in fufore that need ICT services to improve student’s knowledge and ability to learn in order for these schools to have equal education as the students in urban schools, if students in the rural area are not given equal education as students in the urban area there is a result of inequality. â€Å"Unequal tools in an unequal environment create unequal results† (Ukpe, 2010). Implementation/ Application of ICT in class rooms in rural area is going to benefit the society as a whole, and both the teachers and students. It goes a long way to help the society, because when students start using ICT in classrooms some of their friends at home will also find it interesting this will make them also want to start schooling and know what school is about. This study will also be used as a case study to many parts of rural areas in Nigeria, making them aware of how value ICT is in our generation and also making these local students to fit into any schools they find themselves in in urban schools because this implementation of ICT will  not only make these students concentrate on just computer and information studies they will also learn how to apply the knowledge in their various courses. Methodology In order to have reasons for the implementation of ICT in classrooms, i will have to compare this primary/secondary schools in rural area with the once in urban. The methods i used are personal observation, interview and online research (internet). We can see most urban schools have well functioned classrooms with well equipped IT services such as using projectors in class rooms, computers, wireless LANs, File management using databases. In order to convince these organisations we have to state the reasons why we think ICT is important for these locals in rural area. Just looking at an example of an urban schools such as Abti Academy in Yola, Capital science in kuje, El-Amin International school in Minna; we can see they all have what it takes for them to have a well knowledge of what IT is all about, they do class interactions, they submit their works in timely manner especially the senior students, it broadens their minds which they can relate to other courses and apply them when necessary, The students have full access to the lab to do research, take courses in computer education, type documents and gather information on relevant topics for their coursework and from every observation i noticed that schools in the urban area have high rankings in their external and internal exams such as mock exams, WEAC exams . In order to know what is really the problem of these schools towards their lack of ICT knowledge an interview was taken with most principals in these rural schools shown below. 1. Do you know what a computer is? 2. Do you intend to learn how to use it and do you intend to teach these students if you have the chance to? 3. Do you own a computer? And do you know how to surf on the internet with it? 4. What do you think about implementing ICT in classrooms? 5. How do you think it will affect the students? Interview Summary: Results  The interview was conducted with three different principals of three different areas in fufore, but all their answers were closely the same. They stated they’ve had an experience using a computer, that it would be great to have such an opportunity to use computers and other IT services in their schools, it will surely help the students and enlighten them about what the world is all about now. They stated that they’ve all being provided by the school with just one computer and an internet connection, and in a rural place like fufore I believe there is a limited amount of power supply which makes it even more difficult to use this computer by anyone. They stated students in their area are in need of ICT in classrooms in order to making teaching easier for both the teachers and students, they also have a problem with their teachers who don’t acquire computer skills, it will be difficult for them to teach and guide these students through. ICT will greatly affect and have a positive influence on these students, they will have an opportunity to be going for national competitions because these services will not only improve them in one area, they will also have the ability to speak proper and fluent English, they can also learn how to type by doing their course works on their computers and doing research on the internet which will even help the senior students in history classes. They also mentioned that students in this area are always willing to learn, so it won’t be a problem for them to get used to it. Development and Implementation of ICT in class rooms in rural area: Fufore LGA Through ICT in rural schools it will expand the access to student’s education, now that technology is one of the things that help us develop in this world. So we have to make the rural schools aware of that which will greatly affect both the students and their lectures, it will also make them aware of what is happening in our world today (News) by browsing on the internet, also help them improve interactions in terms of video conferencing and distance learning; through video conferencing it will enable to share ideas and know about other courses that are not offered in the school. ICT is an extensively strong technology for extending and expanding educational opportunities in formal and informal ways, in this case rural schools. ICT is a technological development that reflects the new society and has its place within education. However, as with many new initiatives, ICT obviously has its problems that over time will be addressed. Meantime, ICT should continue to be promoted to assist with education and learning. I will heartedly agree with anyone who states that ICT is a valuable tool for both teaching and learning – speaking as someone who got the last lessons plan for my teaching from the Internet- but I can’t help feeling that the emphasis on the use of ICT detracts from other current ‘sexy’ education issue – socialisation. I believe that developing teachers’ social and counselling technique is a greater priority than their ICT skill (Sime & Mark, 2005). Access to remote learning resources: when this implementation is done, with the use of internet, teachers and students will no longer have to depend on textbooks for learning or even buy them due to how expensive they can be, they teachers can just find textbooks on the net and direct the students to access them too. With the use of Internet services you will find a means of learning materials or tools in almost every subject and can be accessed every day at anytime and also by unlimited number of people that can use it. This is significant for many schools in developing countries. Students will have control towards self learning: For example, teachers can just give a research paper as an assessment for the students, during that research they also learn a lot through searching and browsing different articles. This also broadens their minds to also think fast, observe the situation of the research, allowing their minds to take over and have control of what they are doing and also making their own opinions and what they think. Motivation to learn: the use of multimedia computer software that include sound effects, pictures can be used in learning process for people in rural areas, also as interactive radios and other performance. This will motivate the locals to learn because it’s new to them and then i believe that some locals tend to understand pictures or graphics rather than reading them that way they understand better. Use of modern teaching tools: in rural areas they still have an old way of teaching their students; some don’t even have notebooks, or other writing materials. Through ICT, students can learn how to manage their files on computers rather than writing notes in their notebooks, also teachers have PowerPoint to present to the class by that they can just write short notes on what the teacher is talking about. In order to improve the school from my own point of view it needs these requirements for students to have a basic idea of ICT is about. 1. Provision of hardware resources for internet connectivity such as WAN, LAN, MAN. 2. Software packages for learning or academic related CDs which they can install in their computers to improve self learning. 3. Television for the nursery school students because children in nursery school learn faster with images rather than using books, and Projectors for the primary and secondary students. 4. A well functional and equipped computer that contains at least 15 computers. 5. Power supply via solar energy, because electricity isn’t that reliable and effective in rural areas, and besides this implementation is based in fufore which is always sunny every day. So solar would be a good source of electricity. These implementations can be done with the help of private organisations and even the government, we all know nothing is free; these organisations can get profit out of this successful implementation and project. They will keep implementing ICT and improving other schools in this area. Since i noted that not all teachers have enough computer skills to handle the students learning or to control these equipments, the organisations also have to supply the schools with well trained teachers/experts to show them how to take care of things just for some time. This is an expensive and vital project due to many resources that are needed, power supply because without power supply these resources are just going to end up being there without no one using it and also this is the future of our children to enlightened them and making them have a knowledge of IT, making them have the same and equal education the urban schools are having so they won’t feel left out. After these resources have been implemented and are already in use, in observation we are going to experience and expect these changes in the schools: †¢ The students should have the ability to think as fast and be smart like the students in urban schools and also their results will likely match up. †¢ An increase in the students that will enrol in schools because most students in rural areas don’t really care about education, some are drop outs and with a new system it will motivate them to also learn like their friends. †¢ Will be able to compete in national competitions with other schools. †¢ Know how to use these ICT services provided to them and also apply them when necessary Conclusion From all observations we can see how value education is and rural education cannot be compared to the urban because they have more experience in ICT than the locals have. ICT in class rooms has a lot of advantages and benefits to our daily life now, makes students acquire skills, skills that will take them to the next level, skills that will improve their way of thinking and will also change their lives because after school they can go to these urban areas and get a good job instead of staying in their area and doing the basic occupation such as farming. Technology is part of our world now and its used in our daily activities, with the aid ICT in class rooms they will have access to distance learning which will enhance their learning skills and ability, not only within the class room but globally or worldwide. In order for these students to be equal with students from other developed schools, they need to be given a chance; they need to be given the opportunities that are being given to the more fortunate schools/students. Nigerian Government, private organisations and private sources have to come together to make this possible for our generation and also to help the nation. References Ayaga, T. (2009, November 19). Fufore Area Council As Adamawa’s Development Pivot. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from all Africa. com: http://allafrica. com/stories/200911190399. html ICT in Education/The Promise of ICTs in Education. (2007, June 20). Retrieved July 27, 2010, from WIKIBOOKS: http://en. wikibooks. org/wiki/ICT_in_Education/The_Promise_of_ICTs_in_Education Moulton, J. (2001, January). Improving education in rural areas: Guidance for rural development specialists. Retrieved July 28, 2010, from http://www. tanzaniagateway. org/docs/Improving_education_in_rural_areas_guidance_for_rural_develo pment. pdf Sime, D. D. , & Mark, G. (2005). Student teachers’ firt reflections on ICT and Classroom Learning: implications for initail Teacher Education. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from https://dspace. stir. ac. uk/dspace/bitstream/1893/135/1/priestley-jcal-2005. pdf Tinio, V. L. (2002). ICT in Education. Retrieved July 26, 2010, from http://www. apdip. net/publications/iespprimers/eprimer-edu. pdf Ukpe, E. (2010, July 7). ICT in Education(Himself).